My 11 month old dog is terrified of taking walks and becoming destructive

As the title says my 11 month dog is afraid of taking walks.

When we first got her the vet said not to take her outside until she was fully vaccinated because of the risk of parvo. I think this may have been a mistake in terms of socialization. We live in a big city and there are lots of sounds (garbage truck, street sweepers, cars, motorcycles, etc.,) and she is terrified of all of them.

I've tried just spending days just sitting outside with her so she can get used to some of the sounds but she just pulls to go back inside, tail tucked between her legs and shaking like a leaf. I've tried giving her treats outside so she can have a positive association and know that she's going to be okay, but she's so afraid she won't take a treat, even high value ones.

We are lucky to have a backyard and that is the only outside space where she feels comfortable. She'll walk on leash perfectly fine, but the second we exit the yard she starts pulling to go back.

She is super high energy and will zoom around in the yard and the apartment but it's not very large (In the case of the apartment I'm scared she's going to hurt herselfby slamming into furniture or walls). I think she's not getting enough exercise and as a result she is bored and becoming unruly. She's chewing everything in sight. She's jumping on the table to take things off of it. She keeps destroying house slippers and blankets. I try to do lick mats and other activities to keep her stimulated, but I don't think it's enough. I feel like I'm failing my pup.

Any help or suggestions would be greatly appreciated.